機(ji)械加工廠機(ji)器(qi)的(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)過程(cheng)是指從原資(zi)料或半廢品制(zhi)成(cheng)產品的(de)(de)全(quan)部過程(cheng)。對機(ji)器(qi)消(xiao)費(fei)而言包(bao)括原資(zi)料的(de)(de)運輸和保管(guan)，消(xiao)費(fei)的(de)(de)準備，毛坯(pi)的(de)(de)制(zhi)造，零件的(de)(de)加工和熱(re)處置(zhi)，產品的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配、及調試，油(you)漆和包(bao)裝(zhuang)等內(nei)容。

    消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)內容非常普遍(bian)，現代企業用(yong)系統工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)的(de)原(yuan)理(li)和(he)(he)辦法(fa)組織消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)和(he)(he)指導(dao)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)，將消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看成(cheng)是一個具(ju)有輸入和(he)(he)輸出的(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)系統。在(zai)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，但凡(fan)改動消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)對象的(de)外形(xing)、尺(chi)寸、位置和(he)(he)性(xing)質等，使其(qi)成(cheng)為廢(fei)品或者半廢(fei)品的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)稱為工藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它是消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)主要(yao)局部。

    機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又(you)可分(fen)為(wei)鑄造(zao)、鍛(duan)造(zao)、沖壓、焊接、機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、裝配(pei)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，機械(xie)制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)普(pu)通是(shi)指零件的(de)機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和機器的(de)裝配(pei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)總和，其他過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則稱為(wei)輔助過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，例如運輸(shu)、保管(guan)、動力供給、設備維修(xiu)等(deng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又(you)是(shi)由一個(ge)(ge)(ge)或若(ruo)干個(ge)(ge)(ge)次第排列(lie)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)，一個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序由有若(ruo)干個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)步組(zu)成(cheng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)序是(shi)組(zu)成(cheng)機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)根本單元。

    所謂工序(xu)是(shi)指(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)或一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)組工人，在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臺機床上(shang)或一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)工作地(di)點，對(dui)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)工件(jian)或同時對(dui)幾(ji)個(ge)(ge)(ge)工件(jian)所連(lian)(lian)續完(wan)成的(de)(de)那一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)局部(bu)工藝過(guo)程。構(gou)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)工序(xu)的(de)(de)主要特性是(shi)不(bu)改動加工對(dui)象、設備和操作者(zhe)，而且工序(xu)的(de)(de)內容(rong)是(shi)連(lian)(lian)續完(wan)成的(de)(de)。

    制(zhi)定(ding)機械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程，需肯定(ding)該(gai)工(gong)(gong)件要經過(guo)幾道(dao)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)以及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)停止的(de)(de)先后次第，工(gong)(gong)藝道(dao)路的(de)(de)擬定(ding)是(shi)(shi)制(zhi)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程的(de)(de)總體規(gui)劃，主要任務是(shi)(shi)選擇各個(ge)外(wai)(wai)表(biao)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)辦法(fa)，肯定(ding)各個(ge)外(wai)(wai)表(biao)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)次第，以及(ji)(ji)整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程中(zhong)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)數(shu)目(mu)的(de)(de)幾等。工(gong)(gong)藝道(dao)路擬定(ding)須遵照一定(ding)的(de)(de)準繩。